Thunder Bay's proposed 2010 municipal operating budget is C$323,400,000 or US$301,116,360. With 109,140 people (as of 2006) the per capita amount is C$2,963.17 or US$2,758.80. Because Northern Ontario lacks county level governments, and because the Ontario government downloaded many of its responsibilities to municipalities in the 1990s, the city of Thunder Bay is basically responsible for social services covering an area about the size of Kentucky (with 149,000 people) though it can only levy tax on properties in the city limits to do this. (It's very extensive--Thunder Bay's social housing system has the most units per capita in Ontario after Toronto, and the city is responsible for paying welfare to people in a region where some communities have 40% unemployment.)
The average house (worth just under C$125,000) receiving full city services, including school board taxes, is paying just under C$2,500 annually. Of this, C$2,100 goes to the city's operating budget.
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