[ClaytonA]

11 big projects planned to be tendered in the next 2-3 years. There has got to be concern about contractor/trade shortages in this area among the transit authorities. Is there an opportunity for big international firms, maybe European or Chinese ones entering the Canadian market? I wouldn't want to be one of the last projects going out to tender-they may not be as competitive as the earlier ones.

A further 6/7 projects in the five years after that, and then who knows as there's lots of plans if the funding can be found. Then there's mobility as a service, car sharing, autonomous cars, and electrification changing the industry as well. None of these impacts seems to upset the need for these projects because of geometry (cars, even shared cars, just take up too much space for the amount of people they carry).

Montreal's REM is significant, and could set up Montreal to catch the early part of the next wave as well for the Orange line. Toronto's got a lot of irons in the fire, but it seems really hard to get things built in that city.

Ottawa in ten years appears ready to build almost as much as Calgary, Vancouver, Edmonton, and within 20km of Montreal and Toronto have built in some cases over 60 years. Does BRT work well enough to build demand or do you just jump straight to rail-based transit? I'm not entirely sold even though they appear to provide one example of it working well.