Here are a few examples of LEGO built bridges. I did not build any of them but I may build a replica of Detroit's Ambassador Bridge someday.
This is an almost three foot span truss bridge built by Steve Ringe of MichLTC (Michigan Lego Train Club*):
Photo by "Zephyr":
http://www.brickshelf.com/cgi-bin/gallery.cgi?i=2640581
(the large white building in the background is my replica of Detroit's Fisher Building - see Lego Skylines thread).
* I am also a member of MichLTC.
Here is a LEGO replica of a cable stayed bridge in Florida built by Duane Collicott of MichLTC being displayed at Ann Arbor's "Brickbash".
Photo by "Bubbaden":
http://www.brickshelf.com/cgi-bin/gallery.cgi?i=3081113
The largest LEGO bridge I am aware of is this model of the hypothetical Gibraltar bridge (a plan to connect Europe and Africa at the straights of Gibraltar):
Photo by "Stanely Efu". More pictures:
http://www.brickshelf.com/cgi-bin/gallery.cgi?f=150410
The description claims a main span of over 12 meters.
If you go to
www.brickshelf.com and search on bridges, you will find many examples.